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| 1 | <?php |
| 2 | /** |
| 3 | * HMAC-authenticated, time-limited Reprint export for Pressable and Atomic |
| 4 | * sites. |
| 5 | * |
| 6 | * @package automattic/jetpack |
| 7 | */ |
| 8 | |
| 9 | namespace Automattic\Jetpack\Reprint_Export; |
| 10 | |
| 11 | use Automattic\Jetpack\Constants; |
| 12 | use Automattic\Jetpack\Status\Host; |
| 13 | |
| 14 | /** |
| 15 | * Reprint exporter for Jetpack (Pressable and WordPress.com/Atomic). |
| 16 | */ |
| 17 | class Reprint_Exporter { |
| 18 | |
| 19 | /** |
| 20 | * Jetpack-specific option holding the per-site HMAC shared secret. |
| 21 | * |
| 22 | * @var string |
| 23 | */ |
| 24 | const SECRET_OPTION = 'jetpack_reprint_exporter_secret'; |
| 25 | |
| 26 | /** |
| 27 | * Jetpack-specific option holding the unix timestamp of the last time the |
| 28 | * export window was opened. The window is a sliding 60-minute one. |
| 29 | * |
| 30 | * @var string |
| 31 | */ |
| 32 | const ENABLED_OPTION = 'jetpack_reprint_exporter_enabled'; |
| 33 | |
| 34 | /** |
| 35 | * Clock-skew tolerance, in seconds, allowed for HMAC signatures. |
| 36 | * |
| 37 | * @var int |
| 38 | */ |
| 39 | const HMAC_CLOCK_SKEW = 300; |
| 40 | |
| 41 | /** |
| 42 | * Whether the exporter is in the middle of one of its own option writes. |
| 43 | * |
| 44 | * @var bool |
| 45 | */ |
| 46 | private static $writing_own_options = false; |
| 47 | |
| 48 | /** |
| 49 | * Initializes Reprint export where it is available. |
| 50 | */ |
| 51 | public static function maybe_init() { |
| 52 | self::protect_options(); |
| 53 | |
| 54 | if ( self::is_available() ) { |
| 55 | self::init(); |
| 56 | } |
| 57 | } |
| 58 | |
| 59 | /** |
| 60 | * Blocks writes to the two export options from anywhere but this class. |
| 61 | * |
| 62 | * Whoever sets both can export the whole site, since they pick the secret |
| 63 | * and can then sign their own requests. Allowed by where the write came |
| 64 | * from, not by who is logged in: the usual arbitrary-option-write bug is a |
| 65 | * form missing its nonce, running in an administrator's own session. |
| 66 | * |
| 67 | * This only guards writes made after it runs, at after_setup_theme, and |
| 68 | * module loading skips it entirely while Jetpack is inactive or |
| 69 | * disconnected. discard_credentials() clears anything left from those last |
| 70 | * two, but nothing catches a write made earlier in a normal request. |
| 71 | */ |
| 72 | public static function protect_options() { |
| 73 | foreach ( array( self::SECRET_OPTION, self::ENABLED_OPTION ) as $option ) { |
| 74 | // Last word: a later filter must not be able to reinstate the value. |
| 75 | add_filter( "pre_update_option_{$option}", array( __CLASS__, 'veto_foreign_update' ), PHP_INT_MAX, 2 ); |
| 76 | } |
| 77 | |
| 78 | // add_option() has no filter that can cancel a write, only actions either |
| 79 | // side of the insert, so stopping the request is the only lever. |
| 80 | add_action( 'add_option', array( __CLASS__, 'veto_foreign_add' ), 10, 1 ); |
| 81 | } |
| 82 | |
| 83 | /** |
| 84 | * Cancels a foreign update by handing back the value already stored. |
| 85 | * |
| 86 | * @param mixed $value The incoming value. |
| 87 | * @param mixed $old_value The value currently stored. |
| 88 | * @return mixed The incoming value for our own writes, the stored one otherwise. |
| 89 | */ |
| 90 | public static function veto_foreign_update( $value, $old_value ) { |
| 91 | return self::is_own_option_write() ? $value : $old_value; |
| 92 | } |
| 93 | |
| 94 | /** |
| 95 | * Stops the request when something else tries to create either option. |
| 96 | * |
| 97 | * @param string $option The option being added. |
| 98 | */ |
| 99 | public static function veto_foreign_add( $option ) { |
| 100 | if ( self::SECRET_OPTION !== $option && self::ENABLED_OPTION !== $option ) { |
| 101 | return; |
| 102 | } |
| 103 | |
| 104 | if ( self::is_own_option_write() ) { |
| 105 | return; |
| 106 | } |
| 107 | |
| 108 | wp_die( |
| 109 | esc_html__( 'Reprint export options can only be written by Jetpack itself.', 'jetpack' ), |
| 110 | esc_html__( 'Forbidden', 'jetpack' ), |
| 111 | array( 'response' => 403 ) |
| 112 | ); |
| 113 | } |
| 114 | |
| 115 | /** |
| 116 | * Whether this write is made by the exporter. |
| 117 | * |
| 118 | * @return bool |
| 119 | */ |
| 120 | private static function is_own_option_write() { |
| 121 | return self::$writing_own_options; |
| 122 | } |
| 123 | |
| 124 | /** |
| 125 | * Writes one of the export options with the guard held open. |
| 126 | * |
| 127 | * @param string $option Option name. |
| 128 | * @param mixed $value Value to store. |
| 129 | * @return bool Whether the value was changed. |
| 130 | */ |
| 131 | private static function write_option( $option, $value ) { |
| 132 | self::$writing_own_options = true; |
| 133 | try { |
| 134 | return update_option( $option, $value, false ); |
| 135 | } finally { |
| 136 | self::$writing_own_options = false; |
| 137 | } |
| 138 | } |
| 139 | |
| 140 | /** |
| 141 | * Reports an export event. |
| 142 | * |
| 143 | * @param string $event Event name. |
| 144 | * @param array $context Details of the event. |
| 145 | */ |
| 146 | public static function record_event( $event, array $context = array() ) { |
| 147 | /** |
| 148 | * Fires when a Reprint export request ends in an export or an error. |
| 149 | * |
| 150 | * A request the handler ignores fires nothing, and no event carries the |
| 151 | * secret or the signature. An export with no secret_rotated or |
| 152 | * window_opened event before it used a secret this site did not create. |
| 153 | * |
| 154 | * @since 16.2 |
| 155 | * |
| 156 | * @param string $event Event name. |
| 157 | * @param array $context Details of the event. |
| 158 | */ |
| 159 | do_action( 'jetpack_reprint_export_event', $event, $context ); |
| 160 | } |
| 161 | |
| 162 | /** |
| 163 | * Discards any stored export credentials. |
| 164 | * |
| 165 | * Clears whatever was written while protect_options() was not in place. Runs |
| 166 | * at plugin activation and when the site connects to or disconnects from |
| 167 | * WordPress.com. It does not catch a write made before after_setup_theme |
| 168 | * on a site that stays connected. |
| 169 | */ |
| 170 | public static function discard_credentials() { |
| 171 | $had_secret = delete_option( self::SECRET_OPTION ); |
| 172 | $had_window = delete_option( self::ENABLED_OPTION ); |
| 173 | |
| 174 | if ( $had_secret || $had_window ) { |
| 175 | // current_filter() rather than a parameter: jetpack_site_registered |
| 176 | // passes a blog ID to its callbacks, which would land in one. |
| 177 | self::record_event( |
| 178 | 'credentials_discarded', |
| 179 | array( 'boundary' => current_filter() ) |
| 180 | ); |
| 181 | } |
| 182 | } |
| 183 | |
| 184 | /** |
| 185 | * Stores a newly created shared secret. |
| 186 | * |
| 187 | * @param string $secret The new secret. |
| 188 | * @return bool Whether the secret was stored. |
| 189 | */ |
| 190 | public static function store_secret( $secret ) { |
| 191 | return self::write_option( self::SECRET_OPTION, $secret ); |
| 192 | } |
| 193 | |
| 194 | /** |
| 195 | * Registers the WordPress hooks. Only ever called on sites where |
| 196 | * is_available() is true (see maybe_init()). |
| 197 | */ |
| 198 | public static function init() { |
| 199 | add_action( 'parse_request', array( new self(), 'handle_request' ), 0 ); |
| 200 | add_action( 'rest_api_init', array( __CLASS__, 'register_rest_routes' ) ); |
| 201 | } |
| 202 | |
| 203 | /** |
| 204 | * Whether Reprint export support is available on the current site. |
| 205 | * |
| 206 | * Pressable and WordPress.com (Atomic) only. The filter can switch it off |
| 207 | * there; it cannot switch it on anywhere else. |
| 208 | * |
| 209 | * @return bool |
| 210 | */ |
| 211 | public static function is_available() { |
| 212 | if ( ! ( Constants::is_true( 'IS_PRESSABLE' ) || ( new Host() )->is_woa_site() ) ) { |
| 213 | return false; |
| 214 | } |
| 215 | |
| 216 | /** |
| 217 | * Filters whether Jetpack Reprint export support is available on the |
| 218 | * current site. |
| 219 | * |
| 220 | * @since 16.2 |
| 221 | * |
| 222 | * @param bool $available Whether Reprint export support is available. |
| 223 | */ |
| 224 | return (bool) apply_filters( 'jetpack_reprint_export_available', true ); |
| 225 | } |
| 226 | |
| 227 | /** |
| 228 | * Registers Reprint REST routes. |
| 229 | */ |
| 230 | public static function register_rest_routes() { |
| 231 | ( new REST_Controller() )->register_routes(); |
| 232 | } |
| 233 | |
| 234 | /** |
| 235 | * Handles the ?reprint-api-jetpack request. |
| 236 | * |
| 237 | * Runs before template redirects so export requests also work on private |
| 238 | * sites. |
| 239 | * |
| 240 | * @param \WP $wp The WordPress environment instance. |
| 241 | */ |
| 242 | public function handle_request( $wp ) { |
| 243 | // phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.NonceVerification.Recommended |
| 244 | if ( ! isset( $_GET['reprint-api-jetpack'] ) ) { |
| 245 | return; |
| 246 | } |
| 247 | |
| 248 | // Recheck availability so a filter can disable an already registered handler. |
| 249 | if ( ! self::is_available() ) { |
| 250 | return; |
| 251 | } |
| 252 | |
| 253 | // Do not let the query var claim non-root WordPress routes. |
| 254 | if ( '' !== $wp->request ) { |
| 255 | return; |
| 256 | } |
| 257 | |
| 258 | // Any origin: the client may run in a browser (Playground) from |
| 259 | // deployments we cannot know ahead of time, and origin is no boundary |
| 260 | // when every request needs the HMAC secret anyway. Preflights come |
| 261 | // before HMAC because browsers send them without credentials, and |
| 262 | // before the window check so a client whose window has closed can reach |
| 263 | // the 409 below. |
| 264 | // phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.ValidatedSanitizedInput.InputNotSanitized,WordPress.Security.ValidatedSanitizedInput.MissingUnslash |
| 265 | $request_method = isset( $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] ) ? strtoupper( $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] ) : ''; |
| 266 | if ( 'OPTIONS' === $request_method ) { |
| 267 | $this->send_cors_headers(); |
| 268 | if ( ! headers_sent() ) { |
| 269 | header( 'Allow: GET, POST, OPTIONS' ); |
| 270 | } |
| 271 | $this->terminate(); |
| 272 | return; |
| 273 | } |
| 274 | |
| 275 | // Without a valid signature a closed window answers nothing, so an idle |
| 276 | // site stays indistinguishable from one that never had the feature. |
| 277 | $window_open = self::is_export_window_open(); |
| 278 | |
| 279 | $secret = get_option( self::SECRET_OPTION, '' ); |
| 280 | if ( ! is_string( $secret ) || '' === $secret ) { |
| 281 | if ( ! $window_open ) { |
| 282 | return; |
| 283 | } |
| 284 | $this->error( 503, 'Export not configured. Please rotate the shared secret via POST /jetpack/v4/reprint/rotate-export-secret.' ); |
| 285 | return; |
| 286 | } |
| 287 | |
| 288 | $auth_error = $this->verify_hmac( $secret ); |
| 289 | if ( null !== $auth_error ) { |
| 290 | if ( ! $window_open ) { |
| 291 | return; |
| 292 | } |
| 293 | $this->error( 403, $auth_error ); |
| 294 | return; |
| 295 | } |
| 296 | |
| 297 | // Signature checks out, so say which state this is: still here, only |
| 298 | // needing re-arming, rather than gone. |
| 299 | if ( ! $window_open ) { |
| 300 | $this->error( 409, 'Export window closed. Re-open it via POST /jetpack/v4/reprint/enable-export.' ); |
| 301 | return; |
| 302 | } |
| 303 | |
| 304 | // An export spans many requests and can run past the hour, so keep the |
| 305 | // window open while a client is working. |
| 306 | self::open_export_window(); |
| 307 | |
| 308 | try { |
| 309 | $this->serve_export(); |
| 310 | } catch ( \InvalidArgumentException $exception ) { |
| 311 | $this->error( 400, $exception->getMessage() ); |
| 312 | return; |
| 313 | } |
| 314 | |
| 315 | self::record_event( 'export_served', array( 'endpoint' => $this->requested_endpoint() ) ); |
| 316 | $this->terminate(); |
| 317 | } |
| 318 | |
| 319 | /** |
| 320 | * The endpoint the client asked for, or 'unknown'. |
| 321 | * |
| 322 | * Matched against the set the export server accepts so an unexpected value |
| 323 | * cannot travel into a consumer's log. |
| 324 | * |
| 325 | * @return string |
| 326 | */ |
| 327 | protected function requested_endpoint() { |
| 328 | // phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.NonceVerification.Recommended |
| 329 | $endpoint = isset( $_GET['endpoint'] ) ? sanitize_key( wp_unslash( $_GET['endpoint'] ) ) : ''; |
| 330 | |
| 331 | $known = array( 'preflight', 'db_index', 'sql_chunk', 'file_index', 'file_fetch' ); |
| 332 | |
| 333 | return in_array( $endpoint, $known, true ) ? $endpoint : 'unknown'; |
| 334 | } |
| 335 | |
| 336 | /** |
| 337 | * Whether the current export window is open. |
| 338 | * |
| 339 | * @param int|null $now Unix time to compare against, or null for the |
| 340 | * current time. Tests pass a fixed time. |
| 341 | * @return bool |
| 342 | */ |
| 343 | public static function is_export_window_open( $now = null ) { |
| 344 | $enabled_at = (int) get_option( self::ENABLED_OPTION, 0 ); |
| 345 | $now = null === $now ? time() : (int) $now; |
| 346 | return $enabled_at > 0 |
| 347 | && $enabled_at <= $now + self::HMAC_CLOCK_SKEW |
| 348 | && ( $now - $enabled_at ) <= HOUR_IN_SECONDS; |
| 349 | } |
| 350 | |
| 351 | /** |
| 352 | * Opens the export window by stamping the enabled option with the current |
| 353 | * time. |
| 354 | * |
| 355 | * @return int The unix timestamp the window was opened at. |
| 356 | */ |
| 357 | public static function open_export_window() { |
| 358 | $now = time(); |
| 359 | self::write_option( self::ENABLED_OPTION, $now ); |
| 360 | return $now; |
| 361 | } |
| 362 | |
| 363 | /** |
| 364 | * Verifies the HMAC signature of the current request. |
| 365 | * |
| 366 | * Seam for tests to override without instantiating the real server. |
| 367 | * |
| 368 | * @param string $secret The per-site shared secret. |
| 369 | * @return string|null Error message on failure, null on success. |
| 370 | */ |
| 371 | protected function verify_hmac( $secret ) { |
| 372 | $hmac_server = new \Site_Export_HMAC_Server( $secret, self::HMAC_CLOCK_SKEW ); |
| 373 | return $hmac_server->verify_globals(); |
| 374 | } |
| 375 | |
| 376 | /** |
| 377 | * Streams the export response. |
| 378 | * |
| 379 | * Seam for tests to override so they don't perform a real export. |
| 380 | */ |
| 381 | protected function serve_export() { |
| 382 | $this->send_cors_headers(); |
| 383 | \Site_Export_HTTP_Server::serve( array( 'default_directory' => ABSPATH ) ); |
| 384 | } |
| 385 | |
| 386 | /** |
| 387 | * Emits the CORS headers the export client needs. |
| 388 | * |
| 389 | * Sent only with responses we actually produce, so a request that falls |
| 390 | * through to WordPress does not pick them up. See handle_request() for why |
| 391 | * any origin is allowed. |
| 392 | */ |
| 393 | protected function send_cors_headers() { |
| 394 | if ( headers_sent() ) { |
| 395 | return; |
| 396 | } |
| 397 | |
| 398 | header( 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *' ); |
| 399 | header( 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET, POST, OPTIONS' ); |
| 400 | header( 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers: *' ); |
| 401 | } |
| 402 | |
| 403 | /** |
| 404 | * Sends a JSON error response and terminates. |
| 405 | * |
| 406 | * @param int $code HTTP status code. |
| 407 | * @param string $message Error description. |
| 408 | */ |
| 409 | protected function error( $code, $message ) { |
| 410 | self::record_event( |
| 411 | 'export_refused', |
| 412 | array( |
| 413 | 'code' => $code, |
| 414 | 'reason' => $message, |
| 415 | ) |
| 416 | ); |
| 417 | |
| 418 | $this->send_cors_headers(); |
| 419 | if ( ! headers_sent() ) { |
| 420 | http_response_code( $code ); |
| 421 | header( 'Content-Type: application/json' ); |
| 422 | } |
| 423 | // phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.AlternativeFunctions.json_encode_json_encode |
| 424 | echo json_encode( |
| 425 | array( |
| 426 | 'error' => $message, |
| 427 | 'code' => $code, |
| 428 | ), |
| 429 | JSON_FORCE_OBJECT |
| 430 | ); |
| 431 | $this->terminate(); |
| 432 | } |
| 433 | |
| 434 | /** |
| 435 | * Terminates the request. |
| 436 | * |
| 437 | * Seam wrapping exit() so a test double can record that the request ended |
| 438 | * and still assert what happened on the way out. |
| 439 | */ |
| 440 | protected function terminate() { |
| 441 | exit; |
| 442 | } |
| 443 | } |